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George Town〔(【引用サイトリンク】 title=History of Penang )〕 (also less commonly spelt as Georgetown〔(【引用サイトリンク】 title=Penang Info > History )〕) is the capital and largest city of the state of Penang, Malaysia. George Town is also the district capital of North East Penang Island district. Named after Britain's King George III, George Town is located on the north-east corner of Penang Island. The inner city has a population of 510,996, while the metropolitan area, also known as the George Town Conurbation,〔(= The Georgetown Conurbation Plan )〕〔(= Georgetown-Sungai Petani-Kulim Growth Management Plan )〕 consists of Jelutong, Sungai Pinang, Sungai Nibong, Gelugor, Air Itam, Tanjung Bungah and Tanjung Tokong with a combined population of 1.5 million making it the second largest metropolitan area and the biggest northern metropolis in Malaysia.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Population Distribution and Basic Demographic Characteristics, 2010 )〕 The settlement was declared a city in 1957 by Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth II. In 2015, Penang island, on which George Town is located, was also awarded city status. The inner city of George Town is a UNESCO World Heritage Site. The enclave consists of colonial architecture built during the heyday of British rule over the Straits Settlements (Penang, Singapore and Malacca), mixed with Chinese shophouses, five foot ways and places of worship of various religions. George Town is awarded the UNESCO listing for its "unique architectural and cultural townscape without parallel anywhere in East and Southeast Asia". George Town is also known as ''Tanjung'' ("The Cape") in Malay, ''Qiáozhì Shì'' (乔治市) in Chinese and ''ஜோர்ஜ் டவுன்'' (Georgetown) in Tamil. Its Malay name is derived from the older name of the town, ''Tanjung Penaga'' ("Cape Penaigre"). ==History== George Town was founded on 11 August 1786 by Captain Francis Light, a trader for the British East India Company, as base for the company in the Malay States. He obtained the island of Penang from the Sultan of Kedah and built Fort Cornwallis on the north-eastern corner of the island.〔'Some Account of Poolo Penang, or Prince of Wales's Island,' The Asiatic Journal and Monthly Register for British India and Its Dependencies. Vol. II, From June to December. London: Black, Parbury, & Allen. 1816. Pages 474-478〕 The fort became the nexus of a growing trading post and the island's population reached 12,000 by 1804.Monographs on Malay Subjects, Volume III. MBRAS. 1925. Psge 42.〔L. A. Mills. British Malaya 1824-67. MBRAS. 1960. Page 38.〕〔Collier's Encyclopedia: With Bibliography and Index, Volume 15. 1958. Pages 515-516〕〔Gorton Carruth. The Encyclopedia of World Facts and Dates. HarperCollins. 1993. Page 354〕 The historic commercial centre was segmented into the banking and trading areas related to port activities which included shipping companies, the import and export trade, and the wholesalers who dominate the southern section of Beach Street until now. It has been listed as a World Heritage site since July 2008.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Eight new sites, from the Straits of Malacca, to Papua New Guinea and San Marino, added to UNESCO's World Heritage List )〕 On 1 January 1957, George Town was declared a city by Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth II.〔 In 2015, Penang island as a whole, was awarded city status by the Malaysian government. Thus, George Town is the only city in Malaysia to have been conferred city status twice, firstly by the British monarch, and later, by the Malaysian government. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「George Town, Penang」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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